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Sardar Patel
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| Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel |
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel 1st Deputy Prime Minister of India In office 15 August 1947 – 15 December 1950 Monarch President George VI Rajendra Prasad Governor General Louis Mountbatten
- independent nation. India and elsewhere, he was often called Sardar, meaning "chief" in Hindi, Urdu, and Persian. He acted as Home Minister during the political integration of India and the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947.
- Minister of Home Affairs In office 15 August 1947 – 15 December 1950 Prime Minister Preceded by Jawaharlal Nehru Position established Succeeded by C. Rajagopalachari 1st Commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces In office 15 August 1947 – 15 December 1950 Monarch Governor General George VI Louis Mountbatten C. Rajagopalachari
- Prime Minister Preceded by Succeeded by Jawaharlal Nehru Position established Position abolished (merged to the President of India) Personal details Born Died Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel 31 October 1875 Nadiad, Bombay Presidency, British India (present-day Gujarat, India) 15 December 1950(aged 75) Bombay, Cause of death Political party Bombay State, India (present-day Mumbai, Maharashtra) Heart attack Indian National Congress Spouse(s) Jhaverben Patel (1876 11 January 1909) Children Maniben Patel Dahyabhai Patel Mother Laad Bai (1847-1932) Father Jhaverbhai Patel (18291923) Alma mater Middle Temple
- Patel was born in Nadiad and raised in the countryside of the state of Gujarat. He was a successful lawyer. He subsequently organised peasants from Kheda, Gujarat in the non-violent Borsad, and Bardoli in civil disobedience against British Raj, becoming one of the most influential leaders in Gujarat. He was appointed as the 49th President of Indian NationalBarrister • Politician • Activist • Freedom Fighter Bharat Ratna (1991) (posthumously)
- Congress, organising the party for elections in 1934 and 1937 while promoting the Quit India Movement. As the first Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of India, Patel organised relief efforts for refugees fleeing to Punjab and Delhi from Pakistan and worked to restore peace. He led the task of forging a united India, successfully integrating into the newly independent nation those British colonial provinces that had been "allocated" to India. Besides those provinces that had been under direct British rule, approximately 565 self-governing princely stateshad been released from British suzerainty by the Indian Independence Act of 1947. Patel persuaded almost every princely state to accede to India. His commitment to national integration in the newly independent country was total and uncompromising, earning him the sobriquet "Iron Man of India". He is also remembered as the "patron saint of India's civil servants" for having established the modern all-India services system. He is also called the "Unifier of India". The Statue of Unity, the world's tallest statue, was dedicated to him on 31 October 2018 which is approximately 182 metres (597 ft) in height.Patel, one of the six children of Jhaverbhai Patel and Ladba, was born in Nadiad, Gujarat. Patel's date of birth was never officially recorded; Patel entered it as 31 October on his matriculation
- He belonged to the Leuva Patel Patidar community of Central Gujarat, although after his fame, the Leuva Patels and Kadava Patels have also claimed him as one of their own. Patel travelled to attend schools in Petlad, and Nadiad, Borsad, living self-sufficiently with other boys. He reputedly cultivated a stoic character. A popular anecdote recounts that he lanced his own painful boil without hesitation, even as the barber charged with doing it trembled.When Patel passed his matriculation at the relatively late age of 22, he was generallyregarded by his elders as an unambitious man destined for a commonplace job. Patel himself, though, harboured a plan to study to become a lawyer, work and save funds, travel to England, and become a barrister. Patel spent years away from his family, studying on his own with books borrowed from other lawyers, passing his examinations within two years. Fetching his wife Jhaverba from her parents' home, Patel set up his household in Godhra and was called to the bar. During the many years it took him to save money, Patel – now an advocate – earned a reputation as a fierce and skilled lawyer. The couple had a daughter, Maniben, in 1904 and a son, Dahyabhai,in 1906. Patel also cared for a friend suffering from the Bubonic plague when it swept across Gujarat. When Patel himself came down with the disease, he immediately sent his family to safety, left his home, and moved into an isolated house in Nadiad (by other accounts, Patel spent this time in a dilapidated temple); there, he recovered slowly.
- Patel practised law in Godhra, Borsad, and Anand while taking on the financial burdens of his homestead in Karamsad. Patel was the first chairman and founder of "Edward Memorial High School" Borsad, today known as JhaverbhaiDajibhai Patel High School. When he had saved enough for his trip to England and applied for a pass and a ticket, they were addressed to "V. J. Patel," at the home of his elder brother Vithalbhai, who had the same initials as Vallabhai. Having once nurtured a similar hope to study in England, Vithalbhai remonstrated his younger brother, saying that it would be disreputable for an older brother to follow his younger brother. In keeping with concerns for his family's honour, Patel allowed Vithalbhai to go in his place.
- In 1909 Patel's wife Jhaverba was hospitalised in Bombay (present-day Mumbai) to undergo majorsurgery for cancer. Her health suddenly worsened and, despite successful emergency surgery, she died in the hospital. Patel was given a note informing him of his wife's demise as he was cross-examining a witness in court. According to witnesses, Patel read the note, pocketed it, and continued his cross-examination and won the case. He broke the news to others only after the proceedings had ended. Patel decided against marrying again. He raised his children with the help of his family and sent them to Englishlanguage schools in Bombay. At the age of 36 he journeyed to England and enrolled at the Middle Temple Inn in London. Completing a 36-monthcourse in 30 months, Patel finished at the top of his class despite having had no previous college background.
- Returning to India, Patel settled in Ahmedabad and became one of the city's most successful barristers. Wearing European-style clothes and sporting urbane mannerisms, he became a skilled bridge player. Patel nurtured ambitions to expand his practice and accumulate great wealth and to provide his children with modern education. He had made a pact with his brother Vithalbhai to support his entry into politics in the Bombay
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